Olympics Games Should It Not Be Olympics Festivals

What we know about the ancient Greek history today â€Å"survived either by pure chance or for literally reasons unconnected with their historical significance† (Crawford and Whitehead ix). Among the interesting activities in the contemporary society that interest me is claim that Olympic Games have its origins in Greek ancient history. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Olympics Games: Should It Not Be Olympics Festivals? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More But does it really? Well, olympiakoi agones is the exact world that supposedly translate to ‘Olympic Games’ (Young 4). However, on more investigation, I am led to believe that while Olympic is actually an exact translation from olympiakoi, the term ‘games’ is not an exact translation from the Greek word agones. In fact, (Young 4) observes that agones is better translated as â€Å"struggles†, â€Å"pains† or â€Å"c ontests†. Following the revelations about the not-so-accurate translation of the term olympiakoi agones, it could then be that the claim that Olympic Games has its genesis in Southwest Greece more than 2,700 years ago, is more of an association of activities rather than a reality. I say this because olympiakoi agon was a religious festival, which was to say the least, not associated with sports, or games for that matter. If anything, it appears that the festival was a struggle, or a contest that would involve play at some point in honor of Zeus (Young 4). Olympic Games as we know them today, involves struggles, contents and even some pains, which are often seen as means to the Olympic medals. Digressing to the definition of the word ‘games’, it appears that activities that qualify as games are not strictly meant to be competitive, and neither are they even meant to be painful or involving struggle (Wittgenstein 33e). At the very basics, games are a way of passin g time and enjoying one self, but them again, there is no an accepted definition of the world games and so I could be wrong. Consider the philosophical thoughts of (Wittgenstein 33e) who argues that explaining what a game is to someone who has no idea is a hard task because â€Å"we do not know the boundaries because none has been drawn†. In other words, no boundaries of description has been drawn to the definition of the word games; as such, activities as diverse as playing cards, playing with words, or playing with balls can be described as card games, word games or ball games respectively. Following this line of thinking, I therefore suppose that the fact that Olympic festivals involved different forms of play is what led historians to relate it with the games as we know them today, and even associate the games’ history to ancient Greece, and hence Olympics.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OF F Learn More Considering the above arguments, I am convinced that the only thing that the Olympic festivals in ancient Greece and the contemporary Olympic games share in common is the frequency of being held every four years, and perhaps the name Olympic. I draw the notion that the frequency of the Olympic festivals and the Olympic Games is alike from the understanding that Greeks’ calculate time intervals inclusively. Beyond that, neither the intent nor the activities in both set of Olympics are similar. Even the inclusion of athletics in olympiakoi agones is contested by (Young 8) who observes that Homer- one of the historians who has written about athletic scenes in the ancient Greece- cannot be taken as an authentic memory of the same, because â€Å"rather than preserving a memory of athletics centuries earlier, he represents athletics in his own time† (Young 8). Yet, it is from Homer’s writing that the contests and games associated with the Olympic s (both the festivals and the contemporary games) are drawn. For example, it is observed that Homer’s poems paint the aristocratic warriors as â€Å"channeling their aggression and mutual rivalry into games and contests† whenever â€Å"they were not on the battlefield† (Crawford and David 46). This then means that if Homer cannot be taken as an authority in telling us about the Olympic athletics, even less should we believe any texts that generally take his writings as absolute truth. I also agree with Glass (155-156 cited by Young 19) who argues that a significant number of texts are unreliable despite modern authors believing in them. The generalizations that link the contemporary Olympic Games to the ancient Olympic festivals seem to have been taken from such ancient texts. In my view, the generalizations are not only anachronistic, but also wrong. But again, I too could be wrong. Overall, I hold the opinion that the olympiakoi agones (if it indeed happened) must have provided the participants and onlookers with a chance to compete and contest for whatever rewards there were (including olive tree crowns) as indicated by (Crawford and Whitehead 48). However, the activities that people in ancient Greece participated in during the festivals may never be absolutely known by the contemporary scholars because there is a possibility that much of the knowledge passed down the generations has been people’s inventions rather than factual. As such, the claim that the Olympics Games tradition goes back to the ancient Greece history is in my opinion, overstretching the truth.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Olympics Games: Should It Not Be Olympics Festivals? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Crawford, David, and David Whitehead. Archaic and Classical Greece: A Selection of Ancient Sources in Translation. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1983. Print. Wittgenstein, Lu dwig. Philosophical Investigations. Trans. GEM Anscombe. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1958. Young, David. A Brief History of the Olympic Games. London: John Wiley Sons, 2004. Print. This essay on Olympics Games: Should It Not Be Olympics Festivals? was written and submitted by user Tamia V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Else Statements

The JavaScript Ternary Operator as a Shortcut for If/Else Statements The conditional ternary operator in JavaScript assigns a value to a variable based on some condition and is the only JavaScript operator that takes three operands. The ternary operator is a substitute for an if statement  in which both the if and else clauses assign different values to the same field, like so: if (condition)result something;elseresult somethingelse; The ternary operator shortens this if/else statement into a single statement: result (condition) ? something : somethingelse; If condition is true, the ternary operator returns the value of the first expression; otherwise, it returns the value of the second expression. Lets consider its parts:   First, create the variable to which you want to assign a value, in this case, result. The variable result will have a different value depending on the condition.Note that on the right-hand side (i.e. the operator itself), the condition is first.The condition is always followed by a question mark (?), which can basically be read as was that true?The two possible results come last, separated by a colon (:). This use of the ternary operator is available only when the original if statement follows the format shown above  - but  this is quite a common scenario, and using the ternary operator can be far more efficient. Ternary Operator Example Lets look at a real example. Perhaps you need to determine which children are the right age to attend kindergarten. You might have a conditional statement like this: var age 7;var kindergarten_eligible;   if (age   5) {kindergarten_eligible Old enough;}else {kindergarten_eligible Too young;} Using the ternary operator, you could shorten the expression  to: var  kindergarten_eligible (age 5) ?  Too young  :  Old enough; This example would, of course, return Old enough. Multiple Evaluations You can include multiple evaluations, as well: var age 7, var socially_ready true;var kindergarten_eligible (age 5) ? Too young  : socially_readyOld enough but not yet ready Old and socially mature enoughconsole.log ( kindergarten_eligible ); // logs Old and socially mature enough   Multiple Operations The ternary operator also allows the inclusion of multiple operations for each expression, separated by a comma: var age   7, socially_ready true; age 5  ? (alert(You are old enough.),location.assign(continue.html)) : (socially_ready false,alert(Sorry, but you are not yet ready.)); Ternary Operator Implications Ternary operators avoid otherwise verbose code, so on the one hand, they appear  desirable. On the other hand, they can compromise readability  - obviously, IF ELSE is more easily understood than a cryptic ?. When using a ternary operator  -   Ã‚  or any abbreviation  Ã‚  -   consider who will be reading your code. If less-experienced developers may need to understand your program logic, perhaps the use of the ternary operator should be avoided. This is especially true if your condition and evaluations are complex enough that you would need to nest or chain your ternary operator. In fact, these kinds of nested operators can impact not only readability but debugging. As with any programming decision, be sure to consider context and usability before using a ternary operator.

Carlos Villaluz Francisco Essay Example for Free

Carlos Villaluz Francisco Essay Carlos Villaluz Francisco, born in 1914, was the son of Felipe Francisco and Maria Villaluz of Angono, Rizal. Francisco studied at the University of the Philippines (UP) School of Fine Arts. Before the war, he did illustrations for the Tribune and La Vanguardia, and later, with Victorio Edades and Fermin Sanchez painted sets for the Manila Grand Opera House, and the Clover Theater. He was also a member of the â€Å"Thirteen Moderns† a group formed in 1938. After WWII, Francisco taught at the University of Santo Tomas, simultaneously working in film-making with Miguel conde, as the scriptwriter for â€Å"Ghenghis Khan, Putol na Kampilan† (Broken Sword) and â€Å"Tatlong Labuyo,† (Three Wild Roosters). He also designed costumes for â€Å"Romeo at Julieta,† (Romeo and Juliet) as well as â€Å"Prinsipe Tenoso,† (Prince Tenoso) â€Å"Ibong Adarna,† (Adarna Bird), â€Å"Siete Infantes de Lara,† and the Juan Tamad series. Francisco belonged to the first generation modernists who, with Edades and Galo B.  Ocampo, constituted the pioneering triumvirate which attempted to change the direction of Philippine art from the tenacious influence of the Amorsolo school in new and fresh idioms of visual expression. In the struggle for modern art, Francisco was one of the artists/protagonists in the center of the fray. His painting :Kaingin† (Swidden), a modernist composition with strong design and rhythm, won him the first prize in the historic first national art exhibition of the Art Association of the Philippines (AAP) held at the National Museum in 1948. Francisco, along with Edades and Ocampo were commissioned to do a number of murals for lobbies and for private residences such as that of the architect Juan Nakpil. These murals featured stylized figures in flowing curvilinear lines: nymphs dancing or playing the flute, often against a background of tropical vegetation. Through these works, the artists contributed towards developing a Filipino imagery, drawing inspiration from the the customs and traditions of the Philippine people, as well as from familiar environments. In the quest for a Filipino modernist idiom, Francisco, who chose to be based in his fishing village of Agono, observed Philippine folk aesthetics and researched Philippine histon,, customs, and traditions. He arrived at an idiom which was both Filipino and Asian. Francisco employed bold folk colors, flowing rhythmic lines and decorative patterns often covering the entire field of the painting. He evoked the communal life of Philippine gatherings and celebrations. His images of women were drawn from mythology. uch as Mariang Makiling; from history and legend, such as Princesa Urduja; from customs of the past, such as the maiden carried on a hammock across the mountain in Antipolo; and from contemporary folk, such as the woman preparing fish for sinigang. Fisherfolk were among his favorite subjects since he lived in a fishing village. He showed his closeness to the folk in paintings such as the â€Å"Camote Eaters,† his last and unfinished work. Francisco’s first important mural was done for the 1953 International Fair held in Manila. On the theme of 500 years of Philippine History, its scope covered the legendary origin of the Filipino with the first man and woman Malakas and Maganda springing from the primal bamboo, up to the administration of then incumbent President Elpidio Quirino. The mural was finely executed in wood by the Paete woodcarvers. Foreign visitors to the Fair were impressed by Francisco’s mural which received full Newsweek, but local sentiment was lukewarm and the work was promptly carelessly disposed of after the fair. Francisco’s major masterpiece is the mural for the Bulwagang Katipunan of the Manila City Hall, commissioned by Manila mayor Antonio Villegas during his administration. â€Å"Filipino Struggles through History† chronicles the history of Manila from the first great Rajahs of Tondo, the Spanish colonial period, Balagtas, Rizal and the Revolution of 1896, up to the American colonial period which becomes the history of the entire nation itself. In this work Francisco often integrated several historical episodes, in smaller scale, under one period. The episode groups, however, are not static but flow into each other by means of various linking devices, such as a winding river, flames branching out, or clouds coiling in spirals. The murals are marked by artistic vigor and inexhaustible inventiveness, a lively characterization of the numerous historical figures, and unifying all, a strong sense of design. Andres Bonifacio’s figure makes a compelling visual impact as he is shown forging forward, leading the Katpunero with their long bamboo spears, rifles, and bolos. Among the many dynanic scenes is the encounter between Limahong and the Spanish soldiers as they thrust their weapons at each other. A smaller mural is the Pageant of Commerce in four sections: two sides on the history of Philippine trade, from commercial relations with China and Arabia to the Manila Acapulco alleon trade: a section on the development of modern industry in factories, travel and communication; and the central one of a Filipino couple in native costume, the woman slipping a coin into a bamboo alkansya, with the spirit of commerce hovering above. Francisco also did the murals on the Life and Miracles of St Dominic for Santo Domingo Church, 1954; and the Stations of the Cross for Far Eastern University, 1956. He worked with Victorio Edades and Galo B.  Ocampo on the mural of Rising Philippines for the Capitol Theater and murals for the Golden Gate Exposition, the State Theater, the houses of Pres Manuel Quezon, Ernesto Rufino, and Vicente Rufino. Francisco’s Kaingin won first prize in the 1948 painting competition of the Art Association of the Philippines. He received the Patnubav ng Sining at Kalinangan Award from the City of Manila in 1964. He was proclaimed National Artist in painting in 1973. Carlos Villaluz Francisco. (2016, Dec 12).

Wage Earnings in Australia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wage Earnings in Australia - Research Paper Example This method has made it fairer for both the employee and employer while looking for jobs and at the same time while seeking for employees with good qualifications. Australian dollar is the currency used in payment of wages. A released data analysis indicates that mining, resource and energy jobs are the most highly paid ranging averagely $155, 042, - $121,913 per hour (Survey, 2012). Engineering jobs follow secondly while construction and consulting and strategy jobs are third and fourth respectively. Amongst the least paid jobs, include the administration and office support jobs, which earn averagely $56,820-$46,278. Minimum Wages Australia has a panel for fair work Ombudsman, which came into existence in 3rd June 2010. The work of the panel is to review the minimum wage an employee should earn. The panel reviews the wages every year and makes their announcement every 1st July annually. The panel also makes their findings public on the same day by publishing them on the government w ebsites and other potential site to bring employers to task with the current rates. The fair work panel also releases a minimum wage order that requires an employee not to earn any lower than the national minimum wage. Currently, the national minimum age is $15.96 per hour (Survey O. S., 2012). If an employee is a casual laborer, he or she is entitled to 23% casual lading wage. Fair work also takes part in monitoring and evaluating employers who contravene or go against the Law. Chris Evans the senator and minister of immigration and citizenship announced that temporary skilled workers in overseas should get payment similar to those paid to market rates. People under 21 years are referred to as junior workers and their rates re usually less than adults. However, different industries and occupations have different wages depending on the types of jobs done. Classification is under casual, permanent or sub contract basis. Subcontractors are not permanent employees and therefore the law of minimum wages does not apply in their case. Subcontractors have their own jobs and work at different hours and they earn commissions depending on how they negotiate with the contractors. The law is very tough on subcontractors and their employers. Under certain circumstances, an employer might subcontract an employee and pay him/her as an employee yet he/she is working as an employee of the organization or company. The trade unions describe how penalties, rewards, and allowances are earned. Most payments are done monthly in Australia but weekly wages still apply depending on the agreement with the employer. Australian law demands that employers provide their employees with pay slips before payment is done for verification. Superannuation is a retirement benefit scheme that any wage earner should pay. Nine percent of the total wage earned is always deducted for the payment of the retirement scheme. The money aims at retirement but can also be used in cases of injuries and illness . All the States in Australia have the command and rule over the salary of their educators. Data from the latest information indicate that all salaries from the Australian capital have a nine-point range. By 2003, South Wales had the highest paid teachers in Australia. The starting salary for trained bachelor of education teacher

Case review on O.J Simpson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Case review on O.J Simpson - Essay Example On February 4, 1997 a civil jury found Simpson liable for the wrong death of Goldman and the battery of his Nicole Brown. Simpson was ordered to pay to $35.5 million to the Goldman and Brown families but has yet to pay anything as his NFL pension is protected from such verdicts. He currently lives in Florida, where his house is protected from being forfeited for a civil judgment. The Prosecution did not have an eyewitness to the murder, but this was just about the only piece of evidence that was not submitted to the jury. There was an overwhelming amount of evidence linking OJ Simpson to the murder. Thus evidence as to Simpson’s violent nature vis-Ã  -vis his ex-wife was presented, including a record of extensive domestic violence. A timeline was establishing using a limousine driver who was to drive Simpson to the airport and Kato Kaelin, Simpson’s housemate, who established that Simpson was away from the house at the time of the murders. The evidence tying Simpson to the murders was technical and circumstantial. It was related to blood, hair, fiber and footprint analysis from the crime scene and at Simpson’s home. Perhaps the most powerful piece of evidence was a DNA test of a blood sample found at the crime scene which found that there was a 1 in 170,000,000 chance that it was not Simpson’s blood. Evidence to show that the eventual not-guilty verdict was sound was never really introduced to the trial. Evidence was provided, as already stated, as to a pattern of domestic violence that would logically lead to the eventual murder of Nicole Brown. The timeline of the night of the murder suggested that Simpson was abset from his house at the time of the murders. The forensic evidence taken from the murder scene and from Simpson’s house showed that his blood was at the scene and that Nicole Brown’s blood was found in a bloody footprint on the carpet outside Simpson’s bedroom. A bloody glove with the victims’ blood on it was found outside

The Operating Budget Essay Example for Free

The Operating Budget Essay Write a four to five (4-5) page paper, titled Part I: The Operating Budget for the (Selected Agency) in which you separate the content into sections: 1. Provide background information about the agency, mission, goals, objectives, departments, and strategic plan. (Title this section Introduction.) 2. Describe the budget of the agency by addressing the following items: (Title this section Budget Overview.) a. Financial Summary, including Revenue and Expenditures b. Department Budgets c. Funding d. Capital Projects e. Debt Administration 3. Perform a Cost Analysis. (Title this section Cost Analysis.) The costs should include the following: a. Fixed Costs b. Step-fixed Costs c. Variable Costs 4. Identify and explain one to two (1-2) challenges you will have in managing the budget. (Title this section Budget Challenges.) 5. Recommend two to three (2-3) strategies the agency should review regarding new initiatives and budget cuts over the next five (5) years. (Title this section Budget Recommendations.) 6. Include the agency’s most recent budget or financial plan. 7. Provide the agency’s Website name, URL, and any other sources used to support the assignment’s criteria. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: †¢ Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. †¢ Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The Trojan Women by Michael Cacoyannis Essay -- Film Cinema Movies Eur

Desperate Trojan Housewives: Some Reflections on The Trojan Women, A Film by Michael Cacoyannis. I am exploring some aspects of the film of Euripides’ The Trojan Women, directed by Michael Caccayannis, based on the poetic translation by Edith Hamilton and starring Katherine Hepburn as the tragic hero Hecuba, queen of Troy. I would like to explore an essentially Jungian theory of what loss means, and whether there can be so much suffering, that it overwhelms the personality. In Jung’s view, which is essentially the view held by most spiritual disciplines, it is only through suffering that we become fully human. It is only when we are in touch with our shame, through our public nakedness, and private anguish, that we can be in touch with our limitations and our humanness. But as we work with our patients do we not doubt the possibility, so eloquently put by Aeschylus and misquoted by Robert Kennedy at a famous speech upon the assassination of Martin Luther King. RFK’s speech In our sleep, pain which cannot forget, falls drop by drop upon the heart, until, in our own despair, against our will, comes wisdom through the awful grace of God. THE FILM There is little plot in the Trojan women and almost no action. It is the day after the destruction of Troy, after ten years of siege, and the women are weeping in the ashes of their destroyed city and waiting by the city walls to be transported along with the Trojan treasure to be handed out a slaves. They await their fate, but still look towards their queen, Hecuba, for guidance and security. The women are huddled in the ashes of their now destroyed city, awaiting transportation by the Greeks. Women and gold are the spoils of war. They all will be dished up as bo... ...vesting the characters with an identity gives me a dimension of reality that helps to stimulate my imagination. In the case of THE TROJAN WOMEN, pre-casting was an artistic necessity. There was no wavering in my choice of the four actresses. I made it as much on the basis of their talent as for r their very special qualities as human beings, their outlook, their spirit. The spirit , and especially Katherine Hepburn’s, who was the first to really and the last to leave the location, not only made this film possible but radiates through performances in a manner that makes the difficult art of acting seem as natural as breathing.’ Claire Odeon Hershman is a psychotherapist in both private practice in London, and The National Health Service. She is a part time lecturer in the department of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy at Birkbeck College, London University. U.K.

Red Bull Marketing Strategy Essay

1. Executive summary Red Bull is most popular energy drink of the world. They sold more than 5 billion cans in 164 countries all over the world in 2013. The brand has a very good image and is category leader. Red Bull is following a high price/quality premium product strategy, but there are a lot of competitors with lower prices liker Monster or Rockstar. The marketing strategy includes a lot of promotion and well-targeted sponsorship, especially with extreme sports. The aim target markets are young urban males ranging from 15 to 30 years old. 2. Introduction to the project  ¹ †Red Bull is an energy drink sold by Austrian company Red Bull GmbH, created in 1987. In terms of market share, Red Bull is the most popular energy drink in the world, with 5.387 billion cans in 2013.†  ¹ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Bull 04/10/2014 History The idea for drinks enriched with taurine come from japan. Dietrich Mateschitz the inventor of Red Bull imports the idea from Thailand to Europe. During a visit in Thailand he realizes that it was easier to get  over the jetlag with an energy drink. He took this idea and the marketing concept, modified the ingredients to suit the tastes of westerners and founded Red Bull GmbH in 1987 in Austria. Based on the good marketing strategy with alternative scenes like techno music, mountainbiking or snowboarding Red Bull got very successful. Product details Red Bull is a lightly carbonated drink that enhances mental and physical activity. The standard serving size of Red Bull is 8 ounces, the serving contains 110 calories, 27 grams of sugar and 80mg of caffeine. Objectives of the paper The following paper is about the situational analysis and recommendation of the marketing plan of Red Bull. It describes the marketing plan that includes the Business Mission Statement, Situation Analysis, SWOT Analysis, Objectives and the target market. Next chapter is about Positioning which explains the process that influences potential customer ´s overall perception of a brand, product line, or an organization general. Furthermore the paper is about the four P ´s that are known as the Marketing Mix: Product, Pricing, Place, Promotion. Last chapter is a little conclusion with recommendations of Red Bull. 3. Marketing Plan 3.1 Business Mission Statement → The foundation of the marketing plan is the mission statement, which answers the question â€Å"What business are we in?†  ² â€Å"We are dedicated to upholding Red Bull standards, while maintaining the leadership position in the energy drinks category when delivering superior customer service in a highly efficient and profitable manner. We create a culture where employees share best practices dedicated to coaching and developing our organization as an employer of choice.†  ²http://joseph-ramos.blogspot.com/2012/09/chapter-1-history-and-mission-statement.html 04/10/2014 Red Bull maintains over 40% of the market share for non-alcoholic energy beverages and has proven to be a strong competitor against soft drink goliaths Coke and Pepsi. The key markets include the United States, Germany, Brazil, Japan, Turkey and Scandinavia. Red Bull is targeting the Western Europe and the USA markets, as well as the growth markets of Brazil, Japan, India and China. 3.2 Situation Analysis → Marketers must understand the current and potential environment in which the product or service will be marketed. Red Bull is present in more than 164 countries throughout the world. That ´s a big challenge for planning, logistic, and cultural receptivity varies from place to place. The products are available all over North America, South America (except Uruguay) and much of Europe. But there is still room to expand to countries in Africa and the southern pacific regions. Focus should be placed on the areas where event tour stops will take place for marketing campaigns. Because event marketing like sponsoring extreme sporting events is an important factor of the marketing strategy. Especially regions which are inherently suited for extreme sporting events should been focused. Sales development graph Red Bull The graph shows the sales development in percent from 2000 to 2012 compared to the previous year. The x-axis indicates the year and the y-axis the sales development.  ³  ³ http://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/257247/umfrage/umsatzentwicklung-von-red-bull/ 04/10/2014 3.3 SWOT Analysis → Identifying internal strengths and weaknesses and also examining external opportunities and threat S ⇠¾ Strengths W ⇠¾ Weaknesses O ⇠¾ Opportunities T ⇠¾ Threats Strengths Brand Name: Red Bull is the world ´s most popular energy drink and with effective marketing tools product has created a brand image. The company sponsors extreme sport events, for example Audi Sportsline for the DTM or KTM road and Dakar rally bikes. They also have some team ownerships like New York Red Bulls or FC Red Bull Salzburg (both soccer teams). But the most effective marketing campaign was the foundation from own Red Bull events. A lot of them are very famous; some examples are Red Bull crashed ice, Red Bull cliff diving world-series, Red Bull x-fighters. Category leader: Red Bull has established a strong consistent brand image globally. They created a new product category in the US market and have 40% of market share currently. It is synonymous with energy drinks in many countries. Red Bull is the global market leader within the energy drink industry with the largest sale and market share. Brand quality: Red Bull did not achieve the success and gained maximum market share only because of marketing tactics, because product quality has also shared in this success of the brand. The strong and fresh taste has become a brand identity. Marketing strategy: The company has been employing a lot of promotions and well-targeted campaigns/sponsorship which have greatly helped the brand on past to expand and increase consumer brand awareness. Broad geographic presence: Red Bull has a broad geographic presence, which should ensure positive long-term growth. Recognizable symbol: Red Bull has a strong long-term brand image with strong customer loyalty. Weaknesses High Price: The products are above the average price of energy drinks. Consumers tend to think twice at the time of purchase. Compared to the competitors Red Bull is nearly twice expensive as Monster or Rockstar. Red Bull8.3 fl oz1,99 – 2,25 $ Monster16 fl ozapp. 2,50 $ Rockstar16 fl ozapp. 3,00 $ Category limitations: Compared with other soft drinks companies Red Bull has the smallest product category. The competitors have many other flavor varients and categories. Red Bull is the only brand in the market with limited flavors and offers no variety in the product. Being one brand product, it is difficult to capture the market. For example Monster has 13 different Energy Drinks and 7 Java Drinks. These category is new and is a mixture out if coffee and energy. Lack of Innovation and Unique Selling Position: Within the industry there are number of competitors who are utilizing innovation in product and unique selling product. Red Bull, on the other hand, is less innovative and does not use unique selling position. Copy problematic: Red Bull ´s recipe is subject to copy because of a lack of patent. Demographic development: Most of the Red Bull consumers are under 30, that could be a problem in the future because the demographic development is getting older. Controversial: The r elatively high caffeine and taurine contents makes the brand highly vulnerable to regulatory controls. Opportunities Extension of Product: Red Bull is a single product on the market, there is an opportunity for it to extend its products line by developing more innovative products. Offering new flavors and format could help to improve the market shares. Broaden target group: Because of the demographic development it could be a possibility to broaden the target group to include older demographics by overcoming negative attitudes. For example with healthier products or another style of advertising to response older people. Expansion into more countries: Emerging markets represent newer geographic for Red Bull ´s expansion. The market share in Brazil, Japan, India and China is very low. Red Bull could improve the sales with more advertise in these countries. New advertise campaigns: Red Bull could use non-traditional opportunities in grocery stores and other points of purchase to get more consumers. Or sponsoring other kinds of sport events. New platforms: In-house media production like Red Bull Media House could continue creating Red Bull original content to maximize control. ⠁ ´ Red Bull Media House is a multi-platform media company with a focus on sports, culture, and lifestyle.  As an umbrella brand, we offer a wide range of premium media products and compelling content across media channels as diverse as TV, mobile, digital, audio, and print, with core media offerings that appeal to a global audience. ⠁ ´ http://www.redbullmediahouse.com/company.html 04/10/2014 New production: To make the retail price more competitive Red Bull could build new production facilities in emerging countries. For example Asia or Western Europe could be countries for a cheaper production. Because Red Bull has no own production, a company called â€Å"Rauch† is producing the drink in Austria. Even for exporting Red Bull is not producing a concentrate, instead of they shipping it finished in the cans. This generates high costs for the production and shipping. Threats Giant competitors: The presence of large and giant competitors can affect the market position of Red Bull. Monster represents the biggest threat as it contains natural ingredients, which seems more desirable than Red Bull for some consumers. Consumer awareness of health: In case of consumer awareness related to health, it could be possible that consumer give up to drink Red Bull. Maybe consumers rather drink healthier natural drinks than Red Bull in the future. The market for healthy drinks is getting bigger and more and more people prefer to drink healthy. Aging demographics: The aging target demographic could leave brand with less share in upcoming generations. Negative publicity: The worldwide media reports about Red Bull as harmful for health. Red Bull has high caffeine content in the drink, which if used in excess can be harmful. Moreover in many countries there are strict rules on the products that contains caffeine. Parents also state that some components can be dangerous if consumed by their teenagers. For example Red Bull had been banned in Norway for a couple of years because of the high caffeine content. High marketing costs: Maturity in developed markets makes promotion harder than in the past, including higher marketing cost. Red Bull spends more then one 1,3billion $ in marketing per year. 3.4 Objectives Red Bull has launched a range of products including Red Bull Cola in 2008 and Red Bull Energy Shots in 2009 to reach more customers. Today Red Bull has annual sales of around 4 billion cans in more than 160 countries. Red Bull has a distinctive marketing strategy. This type aims constantly evolve and develop the brand. The company tries to engage with consumers using new and exciting channels of communication. In recent years social media has become a vital marketing tool and it ´s going to be more important in the future. It ´s increasing popularity, predominantly with young audiences has had a huge impact on modern marketing techniques. Negative publicity ⠁ µ Various media worldwide have reported that Red Bull is harmful for one ´s health. The French Health Authority has gone one step further by not approving the Red Bull product sale in France, believing it is not in compliance with the country ´s health and food regulations. Other media reports have ben targeted towards parents stating the caffeine levels in Red Bull can be dangerous if consumed by children/teenagers, who are exactly the products target audience. Red Bull has gone to the extremes of seeking scientific proof that its product is safe for consumption and released numerous statements to curb the negative attention. ⠁ µ http://gives-u-wings.blogspot.com/2012/01/swot-analysis.html 04/10/2014 Inability to move forward with the product Red Bull is known for its innovative advertising. The aim of attracting 15 – 30 year olds is working, but for how long? Combine this with their large investment in extreme sport events the question is what will be their next stop keep on being innovating and attracting. 3.5 Target Markets Red Bull markets to young urban males ranging in age from 15 to 30 years old. These males live in a constantly exciting and adventurous lifestyle. They â€Å" life on the edge† or try and they are usually average build. Red Bull males participate in competitive and extreme sports or any other kind of  adventurous and recreational activities. Competitive games in the video game industry are also gravitating towards the products to keep them alert during tournaments. Red Bull defines the whole of these consumers as Generation Y because they are not only active males but also active students who need the energy to study all night long. Red Bull also have a secondary target market of older consumers in general ranging from 25 to 45 years old. Whether this may be a business executive finishing an annual project or a truck driver. These male came from all walks of life and financial status. They live in suburban and rural areas and have different levels of education. They all share physical and mental exertion in common and getting their adrenaline pumping. There is also fairly new category, it ´s called the clubber. The people find out that Red Bull can be used as a very good with alcohol. In my opinion it is almost impossible to find the right target group, the reason for that is because of the various applications of Red Bull. A typical Red Bull drinker is dynamic and active and most of them are males. 4. Positioning → The development of any marketing mix depends on positioning, a process that influences potential customer ´s overall perception of a brand, product line, or a organization general Red Bull represents a new category of drinks, the energy drinks. The company positioned as a premium/high margin brand. The price is much higher than the products from the competitors, it ´s a premium price product. It is a unique functional drink. Promising and delivering benefits that no other drink can offer. Compared to the competitors Red Bull is nearly twice expensive as Monster or Rockstar. The price expresses superiority od Red Bull and further on it proves that there is no substitute. The positioning policy of Red Bull is: premium product, premium price and premium profitability. 5. Marketing Mix 5.1 Product The normal Red Bull is served in 8 ounces aluminum can. But now their also offer different sizes and flavours. The can has a special form compared to a normal can, it ´s thinner and longer (everybody knows the form). The package design resembles a silver and blue racing flag with two bulls facing each other in the center while the Red Bull title treatment sits beneath. Red Bull used the new can as an innovation for new and attractive packaging. The can is different and unique from other brands in the market. Red Bull is made to improve performance, concentration, reaction speed and vigilance. It contains taurine, glucuronolactone, naturally occurring antioxidants and carbohydrates respectively, that help to detoxify the body. The beverage also helps to revitalize the body through the use of caffeine and B-group vitamins which help to boost energy levels and metabolism. Some people say Red Bull tastes like gummy bear cough syrup, it ´s definitely an acquired taste. The founder Mateschitz says: â€Å" Red Bull isn ´t a drink, it ´s a way of life. 5.2 Pricing The average price for a 8 ounces can is about 1,99 – 2,25 $ in the United States. In other countries the price could be a bit different. Red Bull has always followed high pricing policy. It ´s twice expensive compared to the competitors. But they are selling well that Red Bull does not participate in the price-off regularly seen in different flooded beverage industry. 5.3 Place Red Bull is distributed in almost every supermarket over the world in more than 160 countries. It also has a lot of sponsoring deals with nightclubs, sport clubs, bars and companies. The aim is finding consumers at the right time at the right place in the right situation. They focus on areas where an energy boost is needed. Red Bull believes consumption is driven by situations, not sociodemographics. The entry strategy is based on exclusivity, an offspring if Maslow ´s hierarchy if needs. For example when Red Bull came to the U.S. it focused its pre-seeding efforts in New York City, where the brand was already hyped by the large European influence. Red Bull was well stocked in clubs, where it became the drink of choice. 5.4 Promotion Red Bull is the biggest brand in the energy drink market. They use an aggressive strategy to promote their products. Their two main tools to promote the Red Bull products are sponsoring and free sampling. Red Bull often gives free drinks to attract new costumers. For example at universities or sport events because there are most of the people from the target group. Red Bull send out their sampling girls and boys to deliver free Red Bull. They drive in the famous Red Bull cars und are using the Red Bull fridges. Red Bull also provides sponsorship for numerous parties, social events and especially sport events where they supply free and discounted Red Bull as a quick energy revitalizer and smooth chaser for alcoholic drinks. 6. Conclusions and Recommendation The marketing strategy of Red Bull can be considered as one of the most successful one over the years. The central component in all marketing activities of Red Bull was sponsoring leading athletes of extreme sports and branding refrigerated sales units to complete their marketing strategy. However, in my opinion Red Bull has to change or extend the marketing strategy to compete with other energy drink brands. In the current harsh competition market there are a lot of different energy drinks available. It ´s going to be hard for Red Bull to stay as the first choice energy drink for the costumers. Therefore I think it is time to advertise more in general public to response a bigger target group. They also could use tools like billboards, banner ads or posters to maximize the contact with costumers. I know they are still doing it, but mostly on sport events. Furthermore Red Bull can increase advertises on the Internet. Nowadays most of the people are using the Internet every day and t hey are spending lots of hours for surfing in the world wide web. Red Bull could create some extreme sport online games and advertise on appropriate websites that are quite familiar with students and business people in different countries. To sum up Red Bull has a lot of opportunities to improve their marketing strategy. 10.Bibliography 1. Marketing Strategies, Tactic, and Techniques A Handbook for Practitioners Stuant C. Rogers ISBN: 1-56720-411-2 Published in 2001 2. Wikipedia http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Bull 04/10/2014 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Bull 04/10/2014 3. Red Bull Media House http://www.redbullmediahouse.com 04/10/2014 4. Tagesanzeiger http://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wirtschaft/Die_Marketingmaschine_Red_Bull/story/22743400 04/10/2014 5. Red Bull http://www.redbull.com/us/en 04/10/2014 6. Gives u Wings http://gives-u-wings.blogspot.com/2012/01/financial-report.html 04/10/2014 7. Monster Energy http://www.monsterenergy.com 04/10/2014 8. UK Essays http://www.ukessays.com/essays/business/analaysing-current-market-strategy-for-red-bull-and-future-strategies-business-essay.php 04/10/2014 9. Red Bull Marketing Campaign http://www.slideshare.net/CreativeDunning/red-bull-marketing-campaign 04/10/2014 10. Red Bull Situation Analysis http://www.studymode.com/essays/Red-Bull-Situation-Analysis-820871.html 04/10/2014 11. Joseph Ramos http://joseph-ramos.blogspot.com/2012/09/chapter-1-history-and-mission-statement.html 04/10/2014 12. Statista http://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/257247/umfrage/umsatzentwicklung-von-red.bull/ 04/10/2014 13. All of the explanations after â€Å"→† are from the book MKTG Student Edition Lamb/Hair/McDaniel ISBN: 978-1-285-09186-0 Published in 2013

Political Socialization Essay

Have you ever thought about why you have the political beliefs and values you do? Where did they come from? Are they simply your own ideas and experiences or have you been influenced by others in your thinking? This process by which individuals acquire their political beliefs and attitudes is called political socialization. In another words, Political socialization is a concept where the study of the developmental processes by which children and adolescents acquire political cognition, attitudes and behaviors. What people think and how they come to think it is of critical importance to the stability of the government. The beliefs and values of the people are the basis for a society’s political culture and that culture defines the parameters of political life and governments? action. There are many agents that influence in one degree or another individual’s political socialization. Factors such as: family, friends, teachers, media, religion, race, gender, age and geography all influence us in one way or another during our childhood years. By now you should know that most political opinions are formed during childhood and many political ideas are passed down from parents to their children through them expressing their beliefs. When I was growing up I formed many opinions and attitudes due to the fact my parents were feeling that way. Growing up during in early/mid 1990? s in Bosnia wasn? t easy. With a country in a full scale war people were looking for help. A country that just few years earlier hosted and showed the world a great Winter Olympic Games was in need of help, but no one answered. People started forming their own opinions and theories about the world that has turned their back on them, including my parents. There was very limited access of what was happening in the world available to the people. I can clearly remember trying to figure out what is happening on my own and listening to my parents and trying to form something out of it. I lived in Sarajevo, where it was impossible to get in or out the city for the first year or so. Even with the United Nations present in the city I always asked myself why don? t they end this? To this day, questions always reappear in my mind about the international polices and innerving in a war when so many people are dying. How many lives does it take before the world powers and the most honored world governments sit down and a peace treaty is signed? For me this experience made me establish my own opinions about government and political views. With my parents constantly debating about who started the war, why aren? t the Americans coming, where is the humanitarian aid and many other questions concerning government policies, made me favor what my parents were saying and agree with them. By 1995, most of the fighting has stopped and siege was over and school back in session. Now, more views were formed to enforce what I been hearing at home, but as well some made me look at things in a different as well. I started to develop my own thoughts that have been flooded with so much hate during my childhood. Schools played a really influential agent, after the family, due to the extended exposure to a variety of political beliefs. My friends and teachers, both respected sources of information in one way or another made me look at the world in a different way. I always to this date keep asking myself some of the same questions my parents debated about. I just can? t let it go. Why did so many people get shot, murdered, raped and killed in Srebrenica? In a U. N safe zone, but it still happened. School thought us the history and not to forget. With school back in session, so was the television, newspaper and other sources of mass media. Media took over and attempted to reshape what we all have experienced in the previews five years for the benefit of their own profit. Foreign investors came in and took advantage of others need at a very cheap cost. I remember, first commercial on the national television was about the new mall what was to replace the shelled down Olympic village and the new president was going to be at ceremony. New lottery game was advertised everywhere with faces of political party members. It like nothing has happening the year before. Another factors started to surface with me. Did a religion cause this terrible war? With so much talk about genocide and ethnic cleansing, religion was being though in school. At that time it was unbelievably hard to form your own opinions with so much information being fed to you by the mass media and government policies. Today, I look back to everything that has happened and how did I come to the thoughts and opinions I have about politics. Family was a primary influence in the development of my political orientation, mainly due to constant relationship between my parents and I. Schools became a source to enforce what I been hearing at home. Then Mass Media took over and tried to paint a picture of functions as a political information-giver to adolescents and young children. With placing political figures in everyday life and association with political parties, I can only imagine what their goal was. The earliest socialization I believed is the deepest one because i favored with what parents have been going along with. Their political party favor and mine today however now that I am old enough and been influenced by a different culture I am beginning to rethink many views on our world today.

Medical Information Management Essay Example

Medical Information Management Essay Example Medical Information Management Paper Medical Information Management Paper Medical communication firms have a direct obligation to fulfill customer’s rights, maintenance of firms brand equity and fulfillment of customary obligations. All these are part of improved tactics for regulatory information compliance. To maintain brand equity, medical communication firms are in touch with the community to observe the performance of their healthcare and marketing professionals. In spite of the size of the medical communication organization, there is always a requirement for an efficient medical information management system that has to be considered with high regards (Medical Information Management). Adopting the paperless system has brought many changes within the doctors group. The time to attend patients by the doctors has also increased, due to elimination of paper works. In spite of the negative blows given against the paperless system or the Electronic Medical Records (EMR), it has improved the services provided to the patients. Though the software implementation and training of staff incurs huge expenditure still, all these investments in future improve the patients care. With the new EMR the communication is done without difficulty. There is no need for writing the report, dictating the matter and not even the help of the staff. All these could be done automatically by the new system. From the view of a patient, they are able to fix their appointment, maintain and share their medical records with other physicians with out carrying the stacks of files. It would be a burden than opportunity, if the right required software is not installed for an automated system (Rottinghaus). The OmniMD, one of the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Software, computerizes and makes easy the process of recording, storing and recovery process of patient’s medical records. This software offer ideal patient care and brings a professional touch of fulfilling customary obligation. OmniMD protects customer data and information using HIPAA complaint communication etiquette. The norms of HIPAA ensures tough grade of encryption and verification, were by the company meets all the regular requirements allowing protection and privacy. It is regarded as an user-friendly software that can be accessible from any location. The recording of the patient’s details through EMR will assist in the instant retrieval of the documents. OmniMD software ensures coordination of the workflow. It provides the features for each user, which in turn helps them to have a proper workflow with coordination (Electronic Medical Records). Spring Charts Electronic Medical Record Software claims to be the number one in the EMR market. They state that the Medical Record Software can help in lowering the cost by improving the quality. To stand along their statement they provide better-quality documentation and increased efficiency in medical field. Due to their fast documentation and retrieval process the charting procedure is fast and easy. The software improves efficiency of the office by providing convenience to patient’s medical records. It also supports the documentation of the billing claims. Due to the easiness in charting and retrieval procedure, it is easier for the physicians to attend more patients’ per day. The implementation of this software more or less by small and large concerns is practicable while considering the cost factor. After implementation of the software there is a constructive return on the investment with in a short span (Electronic Medical RecordsSoftware). Yet another software company that provides variety of services in the healthcare industry is Health Quist. It is a unique versatile company that provides automated health care services. Health Quist are in to assisting the hospitals, health care suppliers and individual healthcare offices equally. They help in achieving the maximum ability among various aspects of the business model. Health Quist claims that, they are the novel and faithful partners who delivers high class services to health care organizations in serving the patients. The medical billing service of Health Quist is an absolute full service medical billing solution. Starting from an absolute outsourced billing solution to subdivision of various other specific functions, the companies customized strategies are planned to allow the customers to continue function their business on a usual basis without hassle. The company has provided better solution that helps in lowering the cost, maximizing the efficiency and thereby improves the revenue. Health Quist have taken special concern on the proper management of human life cycle, and their effect on the firms’ revenue. It provides an onsite and remote coding support to meet the hospitals demands in time bound manner. The range of services offered by the company software is on an outsourcing basis, whereas those services relating to the resource personnel, they focus on the contract management techniques. It ensures the selection of the right candidate with proper qualification, skill and required training. Altogether the services provided by the company are full service solutions. Their motto is quality and efficiency in serving the customers (HealthQuist). Technology should be to make life much easier not hassle. The use of technology with its multi facet services reduces the costs. This can be regarded as one of the reason for going paperless. Infact an efficient paperless EMR that is reasonable while considering all the aspects is a plus point for the health care institution (Rottinghaus). Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and Practice Management (PMS). (online). Available: omnimd. com/html/aboutus. html . Accessed on October 27, 2008 Electronic Medical Records Software. (online). Available: 2kmedicalrecords. com/ HealthQuist. (online). Available: healthquist. com/index. html. Accessed on October 27, 2008 Medical Information Management. Meeting The Demands Of Medical Inquiries. (online). Available: arisglobal. com/products/medical_information. php . Accessed on October 27, 2008 Rottinghaus, Dean. Electronic Medical Records: The Future of Private-Practice Documentation. 2008. (online). Available: chiroweb. com/mpacms/dc/article. php? id=52423 . Accessed on October 27, 2008

Marshall Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marshall Plan - Research Paper Example The WWII also produced the most radical change in international power structure in over 500 years. The ERP lasted for four years from the April of 1948. (WERNER, 2011, p402). America was responding to the problems and strife faced by the European nations, e.g. the rebuilding of devastated infrastructure by removing trade barriers hence modernizing industries and in the whole making Europe regain its prosperity once again. In the early stages the soviets were offered inclusion in the plan however they declined since they viewed acceptance of the offer would ultimately mean a US control over the soviet communism albeit a small degree(GILLON,2012, p18) Although Europe was aware that there were mixed motives behind the American aid plan, the European countries eagerly embraced the plan. On 12th July 1947 the following countries and others met in Paris to create the CEEC (committee of European Economic Cooperation), Austria, Denmark, Belgium, Greece, France, Ireland, Iceland, Luxemburg, Italy, among others (SULLIVAN, 1997, p16). At any one time there were 150 American ships plying the trade routes carrying the much needed commodities for factories to resume production. The factories were able to employ workers who in turn had the power to purchase goods, in a sense the European were given a new lease of life (MEE, 1984, p248). Between the years of 1948 – 1952, tons of fuel, food and finished products crossed the Atlantic to Europe. There was a rise in industrial production which reached the previous levels before the war by 1959.ERP was noted to have had the best impact in West Germany, here the foreign trade was doubled between the years 1949 & 1950and grew again by  ¾ the following year. Steel production grew from 2.5 million tons to 14.5 million tons, unemployment decreased to nearly zero and houses were built hence West Germany could support its growing

Critically discuss the role of an HRD manager in promoting Essay

Critically discuss the role of an HRD manager in promoting organizational competitiveness within a slowly recovering economy - Essay Example or a change and development among the organisational structure is mostly identified when the job performances of employees are not meeting the standards of the organisation. To be more precise, when the performances of the two groups working under same conditions do not produce the same outcomes, then the HRD manager has to step in the role for enhancing the employees’ performance. Career management and development, socialization and orientation, coaching and performance management are among the few factors that the HRD manager’s roles are surrounded with. It is therefore, necessary to identify the appropriate time to assist the management for developing organisational competitiveness. Thus, the objective of the paper is to identify the different roles played by the HRD manager, both necessary and unnecessary, which at times play a vital part upon organisational performance. HR professionals must build up vast competencies which will benefit them for functioning of their tasks to deal with the changes in the organisations. They should ensure that flexibility and effective communication must be a part of their role which will allow them to adapt to situations quickly. Thus, the roles of HR managers are based on few factors which are discussed below. According to Maanen & Schein (1979), procedure of socialisation engages the transmission of information as well as values which are essentially cultural matters. Furthermore, they added that an organisational culture consists of rules and values that are different within various organisations. The culture of the organisation is mostly dependent on few factors such as, how members relate to colleagues, subordinates, superiors and outsiders, which are conveyed to the new employees by the HR managers. The HR should communicate to the newly employed behavioural environment that prevails within the organisation. Additionally, orientation of employees is the basic facet cited by the HR manager, before any simplest role